英语翻译资格考试口译技巧：数字表达

想成为一名合格的翻译，首先要做的就是通过翻译考试拿到翻译资格证件。在我们备考英语翻译考试的时候，在口语部分，我们要多加留意。很多的翻译是有固定方法的，不需要你的自创。下面小编就和大家分享英语翻译资格考试口译技巧：数字表达，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。

英语翻译资格考试口译技巧：数字表达

I. 有关数字的各种表达及注意事项

1. 整数的译法和读法

迅速无误识别数字的前提是必须能够流利地读出数字。要从读两位数起，然后练习读三位和四位数乃至五位或六位以上的数字。其中两位和三位数的读法是读所有数字的基础。英文数字中的每一个逗点的读法也要牢记：有一个逗点读“thousand”，两个逗点读“million”， 三个逗点读“billion”。还要清楚，每个逗点间由三位数组成。英文数字中的第四位数、第七位数、第十位数是很关键的数位。

1,234 读作：one thousand,two hundred and thirty-four

4,567,809 读作：four million,five hundred and sixty-seventhousand,eight hundred and nine

5,678,120,000 读作：five billion,six hundred and seventy-eight million,one hundred and twe nty thousand

百位数和百位数以上的数的读法英国人和美国人不同，英国人在百位数和十位数之间用and,美国人常常不用。

126 读作one hundred(and)twenty-six

3,862 读作three thousand, eight hundred(and)sixty-two

489,932 读作four thousand(and)eight-nine thousand,nine hundred(and)thiety-two

以one开始的较大数字，通俗的用法或表示大概数字时，可用不定冠词a代替one,如：He's written a thousand poems.

“千”有时可转换成“百”来表示，尤其在通俗用法中，如：

The fee is about eleven hundred yuan.(费用约一千一百元。)

也即，部分有一个逗点的数字(四位数)，英国人用“thousand”表示，而美国人则多用“hundred”。 再如，有三个逗点的数字(十位数)，美式读法为“billion”， 而英式读法为“thousand million”。因此，熟悉英美两种不同的读法对消除数字理解上的岐义是十分必要的。请看下面的对照表：

例词1,900 英式one thousand,nine hundred 美式nineteen hundred

4,000,000,000 英式four thousand million 美式four billion

2. 小数的译法和读法

和汉语一样，英语小数点前的数字按“十”、“百”、“千”整数读，小数点后的数字一个个分开单读，如：

0.12 读作[zero<美>/nought<英>]point one two

3.208 读作three point two o/zero eight

小数的读法：小数点读作“point”，小数后各位数要分别读， 小数点前的数若为“0”可略去不读。

2.468 读作：two point four six eight

0.157 读作：(zero)point one five seven

13.91读作：thirteen decimal(point)nine one;

0.23读作：nought demical two three;

1.25 读作 one point two five.

3.728 读作 three point seven two eight

0.56读作 (naught)(美国用zero) point five six

0.009 读作 (naught) point naught naugnt nine( 美国用 zero 代替 naught)

3. 分数的译法和读法

和汉语不同，英语口语表达分数比较复杂：分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。口译时，分数线可以省略。分子为1时，分子译为one/a，分母用序数词。

1/3 one/a third

1/5 one/a fifth

但以2和4为分母的分数有特殊表达法，如：

1/2 a/one half

1/4 a/one quarter

3/4 three quarters

分子大于1时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词的复述形式：

2/3 two thirds

6/7 six sevenths

复杂或数字较大的分数的译法和读法：

分子和分母均用基数词表示，中间用over连接，如：

2/855 two over eight hundred and fifty-five

分母为百位数的也有把数字一个个分开读的，如：

9/267 nine over two six seven

练习：

1/3 读作：one-third

7/12 读作：seven-twelfths

1/2 读作：a(one)half

3/4 读作：three quarters

2 1/2 读作：two and a half

20/87 读作：twenty over eighty-seven

33/90 读作：thirty-three over ninety

4. 百分数的译法和读法

口译时，英语的百分数用“基数词+%”(读作per cent/percent)表达，如：

0.5% point five percent(或zero/nought point five percent)

0.05% point o five percent

0.015% point o one five percent

100% one hundred percent

150% one hundred and fifty percent

34.55% thirty-four point three five percent

5. 电话号码、银行账号等的读法：

(1)电话号码

读电话号码时，每个数字一一读出，“o”英式读[ou];美式则读zero，这也是最常用于科技方面或最准确的形式，o极少用于科技方面(有时也读nought) ;英国人在读两个相同数字时，通常读成double尤其是当这两个数处在同一组时，较长的号码可以两个或三个数字为一组按节奏读出，如：

13901834567 读作one three nine//o one eight//three four five//six seven

345—6638读作：three four five，double six three eight

307—4922读作：three oh seven，four nine double two

而美式则读成：three zero seven，four nine two two

但如果相同的两个数不在同一组，则可以有两种读法。

例如：62899033即可读成six two eight double nine oh double three，也可读作six two eight nine nine oh double three，但99033绝不可读作nine nine oh three three。

相反，在遇到号码中数字相同时，美式则一律重复念出该数字。但英式有一例外，英国的紧急电话999却总读成nine，nine，nine。

(2)温度

表示温度有华氏(Fahrenheit)和摄氏(Centigrade)两种。英美均使用华氏作为温度的计量单位。摄氏用法现已日渐普及。

15℃读作：fifteen degrees Centigrade(或Celsius)

32℉读作：thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit

0℃读作：nought degrees Centigrade

-5℃读作：five degrees below zero

(3)门牌号

门牌号遇三位数分别读出各数字，遇四位数时则分成两半来读。例如：

Room 302读作：Room three o two/three zero two

3491 King Street读作：thirty-four ninety-one King Street

第344房间 读作：Room three four four

6. 年代的读法：英语年代的读法和汉语不同，不是一个个数字分开读，而是以“百”为一个单位读，如：

329B.C.读作：three hundred(and)twenty-nine B.C.

1800 读作：eighteen hundred

1492 读作：fourteen ninety-two

1503 读作：fifteen o three

1949 读作：nineteen forty-nine 在正式场合使用nineteen hundred and forty-nine的读法

2000 读作：two thousand

2002 读作：two thousand and two或twenty o two

1800 读作：eighteen hundred

1701 读作：seventeen oh one 或 seveteen hundred and one

年代指十年(decade)，采用“基数词加上十位数复数”的形式来表示，前面与介词“in”和定冠词“the”搭配。

in the 1840's 读作：in the eighteen fourties (十九世纪四十年代)

in the 1950's 读作：in the nineteen fifties(二十世纪五十年代)

in the '60's 读作：in the sixties(本世纪六十年代)

如要表示一个年代的初期、中期、末期， 可在年代前分别加“early，mid，late”。如：in the early 1770's;in the late 1590's。

世纪指一百年(century)，用“the+序数词+century”表示。

in the 2nd century 在二世纪

in the mid 13th century 在十三世纪中叶

7. 时间的表达法

表达时间的方法有三种，其中最为普遍的一种是先说分，再加介词“past”或“to”，然后说小时。若分数为15分、30分、45分，则用“quarter”、“half”代替具体的分数。习惯上， 分数在30分以内，用“past”，如过了30分，用“to”。美国英语中，常用“after ”代替“past”，用“before”(或till)代替“ to”。

Examples：

8:00 读作：eight o'clock或eight

9:15 读作：a quarter past nine(英式) 或 a quarter after nine(美式)

11:30 读作：half past eleven(英式) 或 eleven thirty(美式)

7:50 读作：ten to eight(英式) 或 ten before eight(美式)

表达时间的另一种方法是不用介词，先说小时数，再说分数。这种表达法多用于与汽车、火车、轮船、飞 机等相关的情境中，如发车时间、到站时间等。

Examples：

4:30 p.m. 读作：four-thirty p.m.

5:45 p.m. 读作：five-fourty-five p.m.

最后一种方法是日常生活中最不常用的24小时制。如：用14:15 (fourteen-fifteen)代替2:15 p.m，用23:05(twenty-three-oh-five)代替11:05 p.m.。这种用法主要出现在官方的时刻表上和之声的正式报时中。

当用于军事命令和旅行时间表时，其读法如下：

07：00 (Oh)seven hundred hours=7：00a.m.

09：15 (Oh) nine fifteen=9：15a.m.

12：00 twelve hundred hours=midday/noon

13：45 thirteen forty-five-1：45p.m.

19：00 nineteen hundred hours：7：OOp.m.

23：05 twenty-three(Oh)five--11：05p.m.

24：00 twenty-four hundred hours=midnight

24：10 twenty-fourten’ten past midnight

8. 算术式的读法：

2+3=5 Two plus three is (equals, is equal to)five.

5-3=2 Five minus three is equal to two.

3×2=6 Three times two is six.or Three by two is six.

9÷3=3 Nine divided by three makes three.

9. 听懂美国和英国的货币说法：

美国货币

美国货币由美元dollar和美分cent组成，one dollar等于100 cents。其纸币bill有一、二、五、十、二十、五十和一百美元等面值;硬币(coin)有一美分(或a penny)、五美分(或a nickel)、十美分(或a dime)和二十五美分(或a quarter)等。在数字前加$表示美元，如：$500表示五百美元;在数字后加C表示美分，如：50C表示50美分;表示由美元和美分组成的钱数时，常用$表示，如：$6.50。

英国货币

英国货币由英镑(pound)和便士(pence)组成，也分为纸币notes和硬币coins。纸币有面值五镑、十镑、二十镑和五十镑;而硬币，即金属货币有一便士、二便士、五便士、十便士、二十便士、五十便士和一镑等。随身带的硬币可用change表示。100 pence等于1 pound。在数字前加￡表示多少英镑，如：￡800为800英镑;在数字后加P表示多少便士，如：5P表示五便士(penny的复数);表示由英镑和便士组成的钱数时通常不说出pence，如3镑50便士可说成￡3.50或three pounds and fifty。

II. 记录数字的常见方法

由于英汉两种语言计数方法具有很大的差异性，因此，译员在短时间而且压力很大的情况下，要记住并且准确无误地译出讲话人所表达的数字不是一件很容易的事情，况且数字又是听众比较关注的信息。那么，译员如何能够做到在时间短、压力大的情况下准确无误地记住数字并且准确无误地用目标语表达出来呢?以下是几种常见的数字的翻译方法。

1. 公式记录法

(1)以汉语数字的关键计数点为出发点的公式

一万 10 thousand 一亿 100 million

十万 100 thousand 十亿 1 billion

百万 1 million 百亿 10 billion

千万 10 million 千亿 100 billion

万亿 1 trillion

(2) 以英语数字的关键计数点为出发点的公式：

1 thousand = 千 1 million = 百万 1 billion =十亿

10 thousand = 万 10 million = 千万 10 billion =百亿

100 thousand = 十万 100 million = 亿 100 billion =千亿

1 thrillion =万亿

2. 填空记录法

初学口译的人在练习数字口译时，可以使用填空记录法。根据英汉两种语言在数位上的差异，译员可以准备专门用于记录数字的纸张，事先在纸上标明英汉两种语言各个位数，也可以事先在笔记本的页面下端分出一块来做好“标尺”以标明英汉两种语言各个位数。具体方法如下：

b, m, th,

十亿 亿 千万 百万， 十万 万 千， 百十个

英译汉时，可以将数字填在标尺的上方，汉译英时，可以将数字填在标尺的下方，然后对照标尺上相应的位数的位置用另一种语言读出数字即可。如：

英译汉

听到英语Seventy-three billion ninety-six million four hundred and twelve thousand five hundred and eleven,可以如下所示记录：

73 096 412 511

b, m, th,

十亿 亿 千万 百万， 十万 万 千， 百十个

读出汉语：七百三十亿九千六百四十一万二千五百一十一

汉译英：

听到汉语：六十亿三千三百零五万七千零三十

b, m, th,

十亿 亿 千万 百万， 十万 万 千， 百十个

6 0 3 3 0 5 7 030

读出英语：six billion thirty-three million fifty-seven thousand and thirty

3. “点三杠四”记录法

即用逗号(，)表示三位数，便于英语表达，用斜杠(/)表示四位数，便于汉语表达：

727 七百二十七 Seven hundred twenty-seven (in AmE); Seven hundred and twenty-seven (in BrE);

2,003 二千零三 Two thousand three (in AmE); Two thousand and three (in BrE);

1,97/4,727 一百九十七万四千七百二十七 One million, nine hundred (and) seventy-four thousand seven hundred (and) twenty-seven

1,1/75,00/0,000 十一亿七千五百万 One billion, one hundred seventy-five million (in AmE)

45,0/00,00/0,000 四百五十亿 Forty-five billion

点三杠四、缺位补零法

(1)“点三杠四法”是根据英汉两种语言数字分节方法的不同而专门设计的。英文数字是三位一节，汉语数字是四位一节。英文数字以逗点从右至左每三位一点，汉语数字以斜杠从右至左每四位一划。在翻译时转换过程如下：

汉译英：

a. 听到汉语数字：“十五亿三千九百八十七万六千三百二十一”

b. 在笔记上记下：“15亿3987万6321”

c. 从右至左按英语计数方式三位一点：“1,5亿39,87万6,321”

d. 在每个逗点下方标记英文计数单位：“1,b5亿39,m87万6,th321”

e. 读出英文: “one billion five hundred thirty-nine million eight hundred seventy-six thousand three hundred and twenty-one”

英译汉：

a. 听到英文数字：“thirty-six million seven hundred twenty-four thousand six hundred and thirty-one”

b. 在笔记上记下: “36m724th631”

c. 从左至右按汉语计数方式每四位一划: “36m72/4th631”

d. 在每个斜线下标出汉语计数单位：“36m72/万4th631”

e. 读出汉语: “ 三千六百七十二万四千六百三十一”

(2) 缺位补零法是针对数字中有空位的情况下而设计的。

如上例中，假如每一位上都有数字，那么翻译时直接使用“点三杠四”法即可。但如果某些数位为零时，情况就要复杂一些。首先要注意数字中是否有零数位，有几个零数位，然后及时补零。此时就要注意汉语数字是以“千”位起始的四位一节，而英语数字是以hundred (百位)起始的三位一节。在翻译时转换过程如下：

汉译英：

a. 听到汉语数字：“六亿零五十八万零三十六”

b. 在笔记上记下：“6亿58万36”

c. 按照汉语数字每节四位的特点从右至左补零：“6亿0058万0036”

d. 从右至左按英语计数方式三位一点：“6亿00,58万0,036”

e. 在每个逗点下方标记英文计数单位：“6亿00,m58万0,th036”

f. 读出英文：“six hundred million five hundred eighty thousand and thirty-six”

英译汉：

a. 听到英文数字：“one hundred billion thirty-six million seven thousand and forty-one”

b. 在笔记中记下：“100b36m7th41”

c. 按照英语数字每节三位的特点从右至左补零：“100b036m007th041”

d. 从左至右按汉语计数方式每四位一划：“100b0/36m00/7th041”

e. 在每个斜线下标出汉语计数单位：“100b0/亿36m00/万7th041”

f. 读出汉语：“一千亿三千六百万七千零四十一”

4. 分节号记录法

这种记录法特别适用于英译汉，因为英语数字表达的特点是三位一节，从千位开始每一节换一个单位，并且在书面形式上用逗号隔开。译员在听到英语数字时，可以迅速根据其节数分档，将数字放到相应的档位，用分节号表示单位。例如：

如“千”用一个分节号“,”表示;“百万”用两个分节号“,,”表示,“十亿”用三个分节号“,,,”表示。分节号可以标在数字的右下方或左上角。按照此法

“five thousand two hundred”可记录为“5,2”,

“seven million”,可记录为“7,,”

“one billion three hundred and twenty million”可记录为“1,,,320,,”。

此法的缺点是需要译员牢记规则,否则容易出错。

5. 小数点法

该法主要用小数点将较大或较复杂的数字转化成单位较少、相对简单的数字。如“八百三十四万两千”可记录成“8.342 M”;又如“九亿七千万”可记录成“0.97 B”。“三十二亿六千五百万”记录为“3.265 B”。此法适合于多位整数的口译。

2020年翻译考试catti一级口译练习

2018年10月11日商务部例行新闻发布会

Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of Commerce on October 11, 2018

各位记者朋友，大家下午好，欢迎大家参加商务部例行新闻发布会。今天我没有需要主动向大家进行通报的信息。下面我愿意回答记者朋友们提出的问题。

Dear friends from the press, good afternoon. Welcome to the regular press conference. Since I don’t have announcements to make today, we can proceed directly to Q&A. The floor is open.

中新社记者：我们注意到美墨加贸易协定里面包含毒丸条款，和美国签署贸易协定的国家就不能和其他“非市场经济国家”再签署贸易协定。有分析认为，这一条款可能在美欧贸易协定和美日贸易协定之中得到复制，使中国被边缘化，请问商务部对此有何回应，中方将如何应对?

China News Service: We have noticed that the US-Mexico-Canada Trade Agreement includes the “poison pill” article: the countries that have signed a free trade deal with the US would not be able to sign deals with a “non-market country”. Some analysts believe that such an article may be replicated in the trade deals between the US and the EU or the US and Japan to marginalize China. What is MOFCOM’s response to that and how will China respond?

高峰：关于所谓的“非市场经济国家”的问题，中方多次强调，在世贸组织多边贸易规则中，没有关于“非市场经济国家”的条款，其仅存在于个别成员的国内法中。中方反对将一国国内法凌驾于国际法之上、将一国意愿强加于人的做法。

Gao Feng: Regarding the so-called “nonmarket country”, China has stressed many times that there is no such an article of “nonmarket country” in WTO multilateral rules. It only exists in the domestic laws of individual countries. China opposes the practice of placing a country’s domestic law above the international law and forcing one country’s will on others.

对于美墨加贸易协定的有关内容，中方认为，一个国家应当在相互尊重、平等协商、互利共赢的原则基础上，凭借市场潜力、政策环境等要素，吸引贸易伙伴。建立自贸区的目的是便利成员间的贸易，应该秉持开放包容的原则，不应该限制其他成员的对外关系能力，不应该搞排他主义。

As for the relevant parts of the US-Mexico-Canada Trade Agreement, China believes that a country should attract its trading partners based on market potential and policy environment by following the principles of mutual respect, equal consultation, mutual benefit and win-win results. The aim of FTA is to facilitate trade between members. One should uphold the principle of openness and inclusivity instead of limiting foreign relations of other members or pursuing exclusionism.

我们相信每个经济体都有发展对外经贸关系的自主权，也会根据互利共赢的合作需要，重视与中国的经贸关系。谢谢!

We believe that all economies have the autonomy to develop their foreign business relations and will value their commercial relations with China based on their needs for mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation. Thank you.

中国国际电视台CGTN记者：最近我们看到美国领导人发表对华政策的演讲，其中说到中国的经济快速发展是得益于美国的投资，但是中国反过来却采取了一些有违自由和公平贸易的一些政策武器对美国进行经济侵略，其中还列举中国使用一些关税政策、操纵汇率、强制性进行技术转让、盗取知识产权等等。请问中方对此有何回应?

CGTN: We have recently seen the speech by a US leader on the China policy. The speech mentioned that much of fast economic growth in China was driven by American investment. However, it also stated that China has also used an arsenal of policies inconsistent with free and fair trade for economic invasion against the US, including tariffs, currency manipulation, forced technology transfer and intellectual property theft. What is China’s response to that?

高峰：美国领导人的言论罔顾中美经贸合作的事实，是在混淆视听。根据中方的统计，自1987年我国有外资统计以来，中国累计实际利用外资20026亿美元，其中美国对华投资813.6亿美元，占到4.06%。我们不否认美国投资对中国经济发展的贡献，但是中国的发展，归根结底还是中国不断推进改革开放、靠中国人民自己的奋斗干出来的。

Gao Feng: The comments of the US leader ignore the facts of China-US business cooperation and are merely misleading the public. According to Chinese statistics, since 1987 when China started collecting statistics on foreign investment, China’s cumulative paid-in foreign investment reached US$2002.6 billion, including US$81.36 billion from the US, or 4.06% of the total. We do not deny the contribution of US investment to Chinese economic growth. However, China’s development is ultimately the result of China’s constant reform and opening up and the hard work of the Chinese people.

改革开放以来，中国的对外经贸合作始终坚持互利共赢的原则，不断向世界开放市场，中国经济积极融入全球经济体系。我们从来没有、永远也不会搞所谓的“经济侵略”。相反，我们希望与所有经贸合作伙伴共享机遇，共同发展，共同构建开放型世界经济，共同推动全球经济增长。根据国际货币基金组织的统计，自2013年以来，中国对世界经济增长的年均贡献率超过了30%。根据世贸组织的统计，自2001年至2017年，中国货物贸易进口占全球进口总额的比重由3.8%增加到10.2%，服务贸易进口比重由2.7%增加到9.1%。中国对全球经济贸易增长的贡献有目共睹。

Since the reform and opening up, China has always been committed to the mutually beneficial and win-win principles in its foreign business cooperation and constantly opened its market to the world. The Chinese economy is actively integrating into the global economic system. We have never pursued the so-called economic invasion, and will never do so. On the contrary, we hope to share opportunities and pursue common development with all commercial partners to jointly build an open world economy and promote global economic growth. According to IMF statistics, since 2013, China’s average contribution rate to world economic growth has exceeded 30%. According to WTO statistics, from 2001 to 2017, the share of China’s imported goods in global total increased from 3.8% to 10.2% and that of imported services from 2.7% to 9.1%. China’s contribution to global economic and trade growth is clear to all.

关于美方提到的所谓与自由和公平贸易不相符的政策工具，中方的观点已经非常清楚，我们始终恪守世贸组织的基本原则和规则，为全球贸易自由化便利化做出了中国的贡献。希望美方不要为推行单边主义和保护主义寻找借口，应该以建设性的方式，采取务实的举措，真正维护中美经贸合作的良性发展，维护全球经济复苏的势头。谢谢!

As for the so-called policy tools inconsistent with free and fair trade mentioned by the US, China’s views are already very clear. We have always abided by the basic principles and rules of the WTO and have made our contribution to global trade liberalization and facilitation. We hope that the US would not find excuses for unilateralism and protectionism and should take practical measures constructively to genuinely safeguard the sound development of China-US business cooperation and the momentum of global economic growth. Thank you.

俄通塔斯社记者：中美经贸摩擦对世界所有国家带来了非常不好的后果，中美需要用什么样的措施才能把双方经贸关系提升到以前的水平，中方有没有什么好方法?双方经贸摩擦会不会变成政治矛盾的状态?

ITAR-TASS: China-US trade frictions have had adverse impact on countries around the world. What measures do China and the US need to take to restore bilateral commercial relations to the previous level? What solutions does China have? Will economic and trade frictions turn into political conflicts?

高峰：正如你所说，中美作为全球最大的两个经济体，经贸摩擦不仅给两国、而且给全世界都带来了不利的影响。现在最好的方法，就是双方都能充分展示诚意，相互尊重，在平等、诚信的基础上展开对话与磋商。我们相信，只要双方有诚意积极合作，管控分歧，就能够找到办法，使双边经贸关系保持在合作的轨道上。谢谢!

Gao Feng: Like you said, the trade frictions between China and the US, the world’s two biggest economies, have brought negative impact on not only the two countries, but also the entire world. The best way out is for both sides to fully show goodwill and mutual respect and have conversations and consultations based on equality and credibility. We believe that as long as the two sides are sincere about active cooperation and manage their differences, ways can be found to keep bilateral trade and economic relations on the track of cooperation. Thank you.

新华社记者：我们注意到美国领导人近期表态称，为了让中国更大程度的开放市场，他们近期可能会采取更加强硬的态势，除非双方达成所谓的公正和对等的协议，否则他们可能会加征更多的关税，并且这个数字可能会大幅增长一倍以上，而且他们还威胁会对中国剩下的2670亿输美商品加征关税，并且美国认为这是他们美国力量的一种表现，已经对中国市场产生了影响，请问发言人对此如何回应?

Xinhua News Agency: We’ve noted the remarks by US leaders of late that in order to have China open wider, they might take a tougher stance these days. Unless the two sides reach a so-called just and reciprocal agreement, they might impose more tariffs, which could more than double. They also threatened levies on the remaining US$267 billion worth of Chinese goods and believe that to be a show of strength of the US already having an impact on the Chinese market. What is your reaction to that?

高峰：中方多次强调，美方的霸凌主义、极限施压的做法，对中国不起作用。可能美国对于运用所谓自身实力干预别国经济的做法已经习以为常，但我们不认为升级贸易摩擦有助于双方分歧的解决。同时，从总体上看，中国经济稳中向好、稳中有进的态势没有改变，新动能正在加快成长，正在迈向高质量发展。

Gao Feng: China has emphasized many times that US bullyism and extreme pressuring doesn’t work with China. The US may be used to using its so-called strength to interfere into others’ economy, but we don’t think that escalating trade tensions can help resolve our differences. Meanwhile, overall, the Chinese economy’s improving and progressing momentum amidst stability hasn’t changed. New dynamics are forming more rapidly towards quality development.

希望美方不要误判形势，停止单边主义和贸易保护主义的做法，回到互利共赢的合作轨道上来，在平等、诚信、互相尊重的基础上，通过对话和磋商解决双边经贸分歧。谢谢!

It is hoped that the US will not misjudge the situation and stop unilateralist and trade protectionist practices and return to the track of mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation to address trade and economic differences through dialogue and consultation based on equality, credibility and mutual respect. Thank you.

环球时报英文版记者：美国领导人此前发表演讲，声称中国政府对美方采取的强硬立场回应恶劣，不仅通过打击总统票仓等方式干涉美国内政和选举，还试图影响美国商界领袖以威胁的方式鼓励他们谴责美国贸易行为，请问我方对此如何回应?

Global Times English Version: In a speech the other day, a US leader alleged that China has reacted badly to the tough US position, including interfering in US domestic politics and elections by hitting the base of the President and influencing US business leaders by coercion to encourage them to condemn US trade acts. What’s China’s response?

高峰：此次中美经贸摩擦的过程，我想大家都十分清楚。中方始终希望维护中美经贸合作的大局，不愿意打贸易战。但是美方挑起并不断升级贸易摩擦，为了捍卫自身利益，维护多边贸易体制和全球自由贸易秩序，中方不得不作出反制，措施是理性、克制的。我们只是为了维护自身正当权益，无意干涉美国内政。

Gao Feng: I believe that the evolution of the trade tension is well known to all. China has all along wanted to maintain the large picture of China-US economic and trade cooperation and doesn’t want a trade war. But the US started and has continuously escalated the trade frictions. In order to defend its own interests and the multilateral trading system and global free trade order, China has to counteract with rational and restrained measures. We are only defending our legitimate interests and have no intention to meddle in US domestic politics.

关于试图影响美国商界领袖的指责，中国对于美国的企业和企业家始终是欢迎的，我相信他们自有评判。据我们了解，倒是有不少美国商界领袖不赞成对中国产品加征关税的措施，但因为忌惮美国政府的打压，现在不敢发声。我不知道美国政府是不是采取了什么威胁的方式。

As for the accusation about China’s trying to influence US business leaders, China welcomes US companies and business leaders. I believe they have their own judgments. To our understanding, many US business leaders who are against the tariff measures on Chinese goods dare not speak out for fear of punishment by the US government. I don’t know whether the US government has made certain threats.

我想再次重申，中方维护中美经贸关系健康发展的初衷没有改变，捍卫自身正当权益的决心也不会改变。谢谢!

I want to reiterate that China’s original goal of maintaining the healthy development of Sino-US commercial relations hasn’t changed. Nor will its resolve to safeguard its legitimate rights and interests. Thank you.

中国日报社记者：我们注意到美国领导人在讲话中还称，竞争并不总是意味着敌意，也不是必须的，美方希望与北京建立起建设性的关系，而不是分道扬镳，尽管中方一直在进一步偏离这一愿景，但依然可以改变路线，希望中方回归到几十年前两国关系建立时的改革开放精神，请问中方对此如何回应?

China Daily: We’ve noted that the US leader also said in the speech that competition doesn’t necessarily mean hostility. The US wishes to establish a constructive relationship with Beijing and doesn’t want a breakup. Though China has been diverging further away from the vision, it can still change path and return to the reform and opening-up spirit of decades ago when the two countries forged diplomatic ties. What’s China’s reaction?

高峰：近期美国领导人和不同层级的官员多次提到中美竞争的问题。作为全球前两大经济体，存在一定程度的竞争是正常的。但是，无论是中美建交以来的历史还是现实都表明，中美之间有着更大的合作需求。建交40年来，中美经贸关系虽然经历波折，但双方都能够通过对话与磋商妥善解决分歧，始终坚持合作共赢的本质，保持前行。

Gao Feng: Recently, US leaders and officials of various levels mentioned China-US competition several times. It is normal for the world’s two largest economies to have a certain degree of competition. That said, both the history since we established diplomatic relations and realities show that China and the US have greater need for cooperation. In the past 40 years since we forged diplomatic ties, despite the ups and downs in bilateral trade and economic ties, China and the US are able to resolve differences through conversations and consultations and keep moving ahead along the line of cooperation and win-win.

在处理此次经贸摩擦的过程中，中方始终采取建设性的态度，是美方出尔反尔，缺乏诚信，采取不断升级贸易摩擦的举措，影响中美经贸合作的正常发展。

In dealing with this round of trade and economic frictions, China has stuck to a constructive approach, whereas the US goes back on its words, lacks credit and takes measures to escalate trade frictions, affecting the normal development of China-US trade and economic cooperation.

今年是中国改革开放40周年。我们将继续坚持对外开放的基本国策，坚持打开国门搞建设，推动中国经济在开放条件下向高质量发展。希望美方能够真正采取建设性的举措，推动中美经贸合作向更高水平发展。谢谢!

This year marks the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening up. We’ll keep the basic state policy of opening up and open door for nation building to push the Chinese economy towards quality development in an open condition. It is hoped that the US can take genuinely constructive measures to promote higher levels of China-US commercial cooperation. Thank you.

中央电视台中文国际记者：刚刚公布的《关于中美经贸摩擦的事实与中方立场》白皮书中称，中国愿意在平等、互利的前提下，与美国重启双边贸易协定谈判，适时启动双边自贸协定谈判，请问发言人这一点是否已经与美方确认，并获得反馈?

CCTV-4: The just published white paper of Facts and China’s Position on China-US Trade Friction indicates that China would like to restart bilateral trade negotiations with the US on condition of equality and mutual benefit and launch bilateral FTA negotiations at an appropriate time. Have you confirmed with the US and received feedback?

高峰：中方对两国重启双边投资协定谈判、适时启动双边自贸协定谈判持开放态度，但遗憾的是，美方一直未展示诚意。希望美方以建设性的态度，本着合作的精神，与中方共同探讨推进合作、化解分歧的适当路径，促进双边经贸关系健康稳定发展。谢谢!

Gao Feng: China is open to the relaunch of BIT talks and timely start of bilateral FTA negotiations. But unfortunately, the US is yet to show goodwill. It is hoped that the US will work with China to explore right ways to advance cooperation and resolve differences in a constructive manner and cooperative spirit to promote the healthy and steady development of bilateral trade and economic relations. Thank you.

第一财经日报记者：最近美墨加、美韩自贸协定谈判都取得了一些进展，美日谈判也有开启的意向，欧盟提出WTO的改革方案，请问这些文本，中方是否有过研究和分析，这些进展对中国带来哪些影响?中国将如何应对目前国际经济和贸易体制的改变迹象。

CBN: Recently, the UMC and Korus FTA negotiations both made progress. US-Japan FTA talks are also showing signs of a start. The EU has tabled a WTO reform proposal. Has China studied and analyzed these texts? How will these developments affect China? How will China deal with the emerging changes in the international economy and trading system?

高峰：我们注意到近期在多双边经贸合作机制建设方面，国际上出现了一些新的动向。

Gao Feng: We’ve noted some new developments in the mechanism building of bilateral and multilateral trade and economic cooperation.

对于外部环境发生的变化，无论对中国带来什么影响，最主要的是我们要走好自己的路，做好自己的事，继续推进供给侧结构性改革，不断优化区域结构、产业结构、产品结构，推动中国经济向高质量发展。

No matter how changing external environment affects China, the key is to follow our own path and attend our business by continuously advancing supply-side structural reform, optimizing regional, industrial and product structures and push the Chinese economy towards quality development.

同时，中国始终并仍将是国际贸易体制的积极参与者和重要建设者，中方将继续坚定地支持贸易自由化便利化，坚定地支持多边贸易体制，与贸易伙伴一道，共同推进全球贸易体制向更加公平合理的方向发展，共同促进全球经济的增长。谢谢!

At the same time, China has been and will always be an active player and key contributor of the international trading system. China will remain committed to trade liberalization and facilitation and continue to champion the multilateral trading system. We’ll work with our trading partners to jointly steer the global trading system towards more fair and reasonable development for global economic growth. Thank you.

中国国际广播电台记者：近期李克强总理将出访荷兰，请问发言人能否介绍一下近年来中国与荷兰的经贸状况?

CRI: Premier Li Keqiang will soon be visiting the Netherlands. Could you please share some information on China-Netherlands trade and economic ties in recent years?

高峰：近年来，在中国和荷兰两国领导人的共同引领之下，中荷关系进入历史最好时期，“做大做实开放务实的全面合作伙伴关系”成为两国的共识，引领两国关系不断健康稳定发展。

Gao Feng: In recent years, under the guidance of Chinese and Dutch leaders, China-Netherlands relations are now as good as never before. The two sides reached consensus on expanding and strengthening their comprehensive cooperative partnership that features openness and pragmatism, which lends continuous impetus to the sound and stable development of their bilateral relations.

目前，中荷双边经贸合作进入“快车道”，合作潜力进一步释放。一是双边贸易保持高位运行。2017年中荷货物贸易额达到784亿美元，创历史新高，比上年增长了16%。今年1—8月，双边货物贸易额达到547亿美元，同比增长13%。目前，荷兰是我国在欧盟内第二大贸易伙伴，我是荷兰在欧盟外第二大贸易伙伴。二是双向投资快速增加，两国投资合作进入了新的阶段。荷兰是我国在欧盟内重要的外资来源地和直接投资目的地。截至2018年8月，荷兰在华实际投资金额达到190亿美元，截至2017年底，我对荷兰直接投资存量达到185亿美元。双方在农业、创新、节能环保、高技术等领域有着广阔的合作前景。

Now, China-Netherlands bilateral trade and economic cooperation has entered the fast track, unlocking new potential for cooperation. First, bilateral trade maintains high-speed growth. In 2017, China-Netherlands trade in goods amounted to US$78.4 billion, up by 16% compared with the previous year, hitting a record high. In the first eight months of this year, bilateral trade in goods reached US$54.7 billion, up by 13% year on year. Now, Netherlands is China’s second largest trading partner in the EU and China is Netherlands’ second largest trading partner outside the EU. Second, two-way investment grows fast. Bilateral investment cooperation has entered a new stage. For China, the Netherlands is an important source of foreign investment and ODI destination in the EU. By August 2018, the Netherlands’ paid-in investment in China reached US$19 billion. By the end of 2017, China’s outstanding direct investment in the Netherlands reached US$18.5 billion. The two countries have a broad prospect for cooperation on agriculture, innovation, energy conservation, environmental protection and high technology, among others.

中方愿意与荷方一道，继续深化“一带一路”国际合作，利用中国国际进口博览会等平台扩大双边贸易，促进相互投资，加强第三方市场合作，特别是深挖高技术贸易领域的合作潜力，推动双边经贸合作再上新的台阶。谢谢!

China stands ready to work with the Netherlands to further deepen international cooperation under the Belt and Road initiative. We are ready to make the most of platforms like the China International Import Expo to expand bilateral trade, promote two-way investment, strengthen cooperation in third markets and in particular, dig deep into our cooperation potential in hi-tech trade to bring bilateral commercial cooperation onto a new level. Thank you.

上海证券报记者：我们知道市场采购是贸易新业态的表现形式之一，请问商务部目前市场采购发展的情况如何，未来会不会增加市场采购的试点?

Shanghai Securities News: As we know, mart procurement is a new form of trade. Could you share some information about its development? Will there be more pilot marts in the future?

高峰：经国务院批准，自2013年以来，商务部会同有关部门先后三批在浙江、江苏、河北等地方的8家市场开展市场采购贸易方式试点，在业务流程、监管方式、信息化建设等方面先行先试，实现了增值税免征不退、简化归类申报等四方面政策突破，明确了“一划定、三备案、一联网”的管理机制，建立了“信息共享、部门联动、风险可控、源头可溯”的商品认定体系和知识产权保护体系，基本实现了“源头可溯、责任可究、风险可控”的管理目标。实践证明，市场采购贸易方式试点激发了市场主体活力，扩大了市场规模，提升了国际化水平，推动了外贸增长，取得了积极成效。根据中国海关统计，2017年和今年的前8个月，全国市场采购贸易出口额分别同比增长54.2%、71%，明显高于同期全国的总体出口增速。

Gao Feng: As approved by the State Council, MOFCOM, together with related departments, has carried out 3 batches of pilot mart procurement projects at eight marts in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hebei and other provinces since 2013. We have been exploring and trying out new approaches in terms of administrative procedures, regulation methods and IT application. We have made policy breakthroughs in four aspects, including VAT exemption and simplified and classified customs declaration. We have set up an administrative mechanism, which designates the area of a pilot mart, requires the record filing of suppliers, purchasers and foreign trade businesses and provides a platform for information sharing. We have put in place a commodity recognition system and an IPR protection system that feature information sharing, departmental coordination, risks control and product traceability, basically realizing the administrative goal of source traceability, accountability and risks control. It is proved that pilot mart procurement projects have tapped into market entities’ vitality, expanded market scale, improved the internationalization level, promoted foreign trade growth and made satisfactory progress. According to China’s customs statistics, nationwide export through mart procurement trade in 2017 and the first eight months of 2018 grew by 54.2% and 71% year on year, respectively, remarkably higher than China’s overall export growth rate in the same time period.

今年9月28日，商务部会同有关部门在浙江、福建、湖南、广东、四川等地的六家市场开展第四批的市场采购贸易方式试点。下一步，商务部等7个部门将继续抓紧推进试点工作，通过制度创新、管理创新、服务创新和协同发展，进一步形成可复制、可推广的经验，促进我国外贸的创新发展。谢谢!

On September 28, 2018, MOFCOM, together with related departments, implemented the fourth batches of pilot mart procurement projects at six marts in Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan, Guangdong, Sichuan and other provinces. Going forward, MOFCOM and six other departments will further step up the implementation, develop more replicable practices through institutional, administrative and services innovation as well as coordinated development to promote the innovative development of China’s foreign trade. Thank you.

经济参考报记者：我们知道第124届广交会即将在广州开幕，请问发言人能否介绍一下相关的情况。

Economic Information Daily: The 124th session of the Canton Fair will soon be held in Guangzhou. Could you please tell us something about it?

高峰：今年是我国改革开放40周年。作为对外开放的重要窗口，61年来，广交会服务国家改革开放和社会主义现代化建设，坚持服务国内外企业，为我国的对外开放和经济社会发展发挥了积极的作用。

Gao Feng: This year marks the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening up. As an important window for opening up, during the past 61 years, the Canton Fair has contributed to China’s reform and opening up, its socialist modernization drive and the development of Chinese and foreign businesses and played a positive role in China’s reform and opening up as well as its economic and social development.

第124届广交会即将于10月15日开幕。本届广交会继续创新办会，提升专业化、国际化、市场化和信息化水平，坚持扶优扶强，支持企业开拓多元化市场，展览面积达到118.5万平米，展位总数60645个，境内外参展企业超过25000家，主要有以下几个特点：

The 124th session of the Canton Fair will be opened on October 15. This year’s session will be innovative as always. It will be more professional, internationalized and market-oriented and go further in IT application. We will support businesses, in particular competitive ones, in exploring a more diversified market. The Fair will cover an area as big as 1.185 million square meters and provide 60,645 exhibition booths. Over 25,000 businesses from home and abroad will participate in the Fair. There are several highlights:

一是专业化水平进一步提高。品牌展位进一步增加，较上一次品牌展位评审增长了3.2%，企业达到2297家;结构继续优化，既保留了一批发展稳定、实力较强的老品牌企业，又吸纳了一批新兴企业，品牌企业的示范作用进一步增强。

First, the Fair will be more professional. 2,297 businesses will exhibit their products in the brand name areas, up by 3.2% compared with the figure of the last brand name booth review. The structure will be further optimized. This year’s session will be participated by both competitive traditional brands that enjoy stable development and a batch of emerging businesses. We will see better role models in these businesses.

二是展区的结构进一步优化。扩大了家电、餐厨、家居等展区，设置多功能的展览现场活动区域，在各展区深入推进展品的专业化分区。

Second, structure of the exhibition area will be further optimized. We have expanded the area for home appliances, kitchenware and tableware, as well as household items. We will set a multifunctional area for onsite activities and further classify products in different areas.

三是继续提升多功能综合平台作用。通过智慧广交会的建设，打造智慧服务、预展平台、供采对接、广交会认证、企业推广、智慧商旅六大核心业务模式，全面提升全渠道、一站式、线上线下同步服务的水平。为展客商提供涵盖展前、展中、展后的智能化、全天候的外贸促进平台。

Third, we continue to enhance the Fair’s role as a comprehensive multifunctional platform. With our plan to hold a smart Canton Fair, we will provide six major services, including smart services, pre-exhibition platforms, suppliers-purchasers matchmaking, Canton Fair recognition, brand promotion and smart business travelling. We will improve our all-channel, one-stop, synchronized online and offline services. We will provide exhibitors and purchasers with a smart, all-weather foreign trade-promotion platform before, during and after the Fair.

四是论坛的功能进一步加强。本届广交会将举办20场高品质会议论坛，比如将在第一期举办广交会国际贸易发展论坛，第三期举办中国对外贸易形势报告(2018年秋季)解读发布会等等，为展客商提供更多的思想交流平台。谢谢!

Fourth, we will strengthen the function of forums. This year, we will hold 20 high-quality meetings and forums, such as the Canton Fair International Development Forum in Phase 1 and a press conference to interpret the Report on China’s Foreign Trade (Autumn 2018) in Phase 3. We wish to provide exhibitors and purchasers with more platforms for exchanges. Thank you.

今天的发布会到此结束。谢谢大家!

This is the end of today’s press conference. Thank you.

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